esocid writes “Impeding the dream of ultrafast optical personal, we’ve been unable to build an best “photonic crystal” to manipulate visible light, until now. University of Utah chemists have discovered that nature already has designed photonic crystals with the ideal, diamond-like structure: They’re found in the shimmering, iridescent green scales of a beetle from Brazil. The beetle is an inch-long weevil named Lamprocyphus augustus. Bartl and Galusha now are trying to design a synthetic version of the beetle’s photonic crystals, using scale material as a mold to make the crystals from a transparent semiconductor. The scales can’t be used in technological devices because they are made of fingernail-like chitin, which isn’t stable enough for long-term use, isn’t semiconducting and doesn’t bend light adequately. Ideal photonic crystals could be used to amplify light and thus make solar cells more efficient, to capture light that would catalyze chemical reactions, and to generate tiny laser beams that would serve as light sources on optical chips.”

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FiReaNGeL writes “Astronomers have seen the aftermath of spectacular stellar explosions known as supernovae before, but until now no one has witnessed a star dying in real time — until now. While looking at another object in the spiral galaxy NGC 2770, using NASA’s orbiting Quick telescope, scientists detected an extremely luminous blast of X-rays released by a supernova explosion. They alerted 8 other telescopes to turn their eyes on this first-of-its-kind event. ‘We were looking at another, older supernova in the galaxy, when the one now known as SN 2008D went off. We would have missed it if it weren’t for Swift’s real-time capabilities, wide field of view, and numerous instruments.’” Bad Astronomy has an excellent, well-illustrated story about the discovery as well. I Don’t Believe in Imaginary Property contributes a link to the BBC’s coverage, and adds a nugget gleaned from Ars Technica: “SN 2007uy’s collapse caused an X-ray burst of about 10^39 joules, most likely due to the ’shock break out’ when the energy of the core’s collapse finally reached the neutron star’s surface.”

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wengkius writes “I’m entering grad school this year and will be working towards a higher degree in Computational Biology. While my undergraduate training has been in computer science, I’m looking to apply what I’ve learned in a new area that has piqued my interest. Now my question is this: apart from the obvious career choices that I’ve thought of (academic research, pharma corporations, biotech startups), are there any other career options that I have yet to consider? Would be great to hear from Slashdotters who are familiar with the field.”

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Stony Stevenson writes “Certain carbon nanotubes might be as perilous to humans as asbestos. A paper to be published in Nature Nanotechnology suggests that inhaling certain types of nanotubes can lead to the formation of mesothelioma, a type of lung cancer commonly caused by exposure to asbestos. “This is a wakeup call for nanotechnology in general and carbon nanotubes in particular,” said Andrew Maynard, co-author of the report and chief science adviser to the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies.” I’m really hoping that those medical face masks get popular again. That’s a look that should really be cyclic, like bell-bottoms and thongs. Update: 05/21 19:18 GMT by T : See also this page at the Nanotechnology Project, which features a link to video commentary from Andrew Maynard, the researcher mentioned in the above-linked article.

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In a bold statement, game developer Peter Molyneux is claiming that his new Fable 2 follow up is a “significant scientific achievement”. His unbridled excitement stems from years of work on AI, simulation, and character interaction. “Fortunately for fans of Molyneux-style hyperbole, the man is back with wide-eyed, reins-off enthusiasm of his own future work. […] In Molyneux’s own words, ‘I think it’s such a significant scientific accomplishment that it will be on the cover of Wired.’”

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esocid sends along the news that scientists believe they’ve found about half the missing matter in the universe. The matter we can see is only about 1/8 of the total baryonic matter believed to exist (and only 1/200 the mass-energy of the visible universe). This missing matter is not to be confused with “dark matter,” which is thought to be non-baryonic. The missing stuff has been found in the intergalactic medium that extends essentially throughout all of space, from just outside our galaxy to the most distant regions of space. “‘We think we are seeing the strands of a web-like structure that forms the backbone of the universe,’ Mike Shull of the University of Colorado explained. ‘What we are confirming in detail is that intergalactic space, which intuitively might seem to be empty, is in fact the reservoir for most of the normal, baryonic matter in the universe.’”

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Several readers noted that the limited pilot test of Google Health has ended, and Google is now offering the service to the public at big. Google Health grants patients to enter health information, such as conditions and prescriptions, find related medical information, and share information with their health care providers (at the patient’s request). Information may be entered manually or imported from partnered health care providers. The service is offered free of charge, and Google won’t be including advertising. The WSJ and the NYTimes provide details about Google’s numerous health partners.

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zerobeat writes “Scientists from Melbourne, Australia have managed to resurrect the gene responsible for the development of cartilage and bone from the now extinct Tasmanian Tiger. The gene was expressed in a mouse embryo so the full reincarnation of a full Tassie Tiger is a long way off. You can listen to an MP3 of ABC Australia’s Robyn Williams discussing the results with the lead scientists. This is the first time DNA from an extinct species has been made to live again in a live animal.”

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KentuckyFC writes “Neutrinos are better than photons for communicating across the galaxy. That’s the conclusion of a group of US astronomers who say that the galaxy is filled with photons that make communications channels noisy whereas neutrino comms would be relatively noise free. Photons are also easily scattered and the centre of the galaxy blocks them entirely. That means any civilisation advanced enough to have started to colonise the galaxy would have to rely on neutrino communications. And the astronomers reckon that the next generation of neutrino detectors should be sensitive enough to pick up ET’s chatter.”

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Saiyine sends word that the mysterious code received at Fermilab, which we discussed last Friday, has been mostly decoded, inside of two days, by two separate people. The poster at the second link seems to have constructed a more complete rationale for the message.

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